The value of psychoanalysis is discussed in understanding moral, religious, political ideals and doctrines. Emphasis is placed on the question of whether recognition of the psychological and economic background if ideas leads to relativism or on the contrary to establishing their validity. The problem of the rational and irrational of value judgements is discussed. Ideals, ideologies and rationalizations. The traditional analysis of ideals in psychoanalysis and society. Psychoanalysis of love, justice, truth. Of Judeo-Christian religion; of fascist and democratic doctrines. Psychoanalysis and value judgements. The role of psychoanalysis in modern culture.